按(an)照(zhao)所帶(dai)(dai)軸承種(zhong)類(lei)的不同，可(ke)分為帶(dai)(dai)滑動(dong)軸承和(he)滾(gun)動(dong)軸承的兩(liang)種(zhong)端蓋。施工升降機(ji)(ji)防墜器帶(dai)(dai)滑動(dong)軸承的端蓋，其軸承室具備潤(run)滑油(you)池和(he)安放油(you)環(huan)或甩油(you)盤的空間(jian)，因此，結構(gou)為復雜。一般滑動(dong)軸承的檢修和(he)維(wei)護均(jun)(jun)較頻繁，并且軸承與軸的徑向間(jian)隙較大(da)，對(dui)電機(ji)(ji)氣隙均(jun)(jun)勻度(du)的影響較嚴重，現在新設計的中小型電機(ji)(ji)中已很(hen)少(shao)采用(yong)。滾(gun)動(dong)軸承采用(yong)半(ban)固體(ti)性質(zhi)的潤(run)滑脂，使端蓋的結構(gou)大(da)為簡化，鑄造和(he)加工都較方便。同時(shi)，滾(gun)動(dong)軸承的配(pei)合緊密，容易電機(ji)(ji)空氣隙的均(jun)(jun)勻度(du)，摩擦損耗小，維(wei)護簡便。

因(yin)此，帶滾動軸(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)的端(duan)(duan)蓋(gai)在中(zhong)小(xiao)型(xing)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)得多(duo)(duo)。滾動軸(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)的響聲(sheng)較大(da)，在低噪音電(dian)機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)多(duo)(duo)改用(yong)(yong)(yong)含(han)油粉(fen)末治金軸(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)。按照軸(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)室結構(gou)的不(bu)同，可分為通孔軸(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)室和階梯孔軸(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)室端(duan)(duan)蓋(gai)。使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)通孔軸(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)室端(duan)(duan)蓋(gai)時，需要采用(yong)(yong)(yong)外(wai)軸(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)蓋(gai)，以(yi)防范潤滑脂外(wai)流(liu)。這(zhe)(zhe)種端(duan)(duan)蓋(gai)結構(gou)簡單、加工容易、檢修方便。因(yin)此用(yong)(yong)(yong)得普(pu)遍。階梯孔軸(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)端(duan)(duan)蓋(gai)，其階梯部分能起(qi)外(wai)軸(zhou)承(cheng)(cheng)蓋(gai)的作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，可減(jian)小(xiao)零件數(shu)量，簡化(hua)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)結構(gou)，高H160以(yi)下機(ji)(ji)座的電(dian)機(ji)(ji)都采用(yong)(yong)(yong)這(zhe)(zhe)種端(duan)(duan)蓋(gai)，大(da)家也(ye)習慣稱該端(duan)(duan)蓋(gai)為無孔端(duan)(duan)蓋(gai)。